The 28th State of India, Jharkhand was brought into existence by the Bihar State Reorganisation Act on 15th Nov 2000 with 22 districts which now has risen to 24 districts distributed over an area of 79,714 sq km. The territory of this state is bound by the state of Bihar on the north, West Bengal on the east, Orissa on the south & Chhattisgarh on the west.
The state extends between 22 degrees north and 22.50 degrees north latitudes and 83 degrees east and 87.775 degrees east latitudes approx.
Physically, Jharkhand is characterized by the Chhotanagpur Plateau, which further consists of series of plateaux of different elevations-ie. Ranchi plateau, Ramgarh plateau and Hazaribagh plateau. Technically, these regions have witnessed three organic movements, which are also responsible for the rich mineral deposits. Jharkhand has some of the richest deposits of iron & coal in the world. It is also blessed with rich fauna & flora.
Jharkhand is generously endowed with such mineral wealth, which probably no other state in the country can boast of 33% of the country's coal reserves are in Jharkhand. It also inherits various other minerals like iron ore, bauxite, copper, chromite, china clay, dolomite, granite, mica, magnetite, titanium, tungsten, uranium, kainite, gold, feldspar, quartzite etc. Besides minerals, Jharkhand is fertile land, providing tremendous scope for hydel power generation, horticulture and floriculture. The state offers a large pool of trained manpower, good educational and technical institutes, research laboratories, favourable industries, climate, good rail, road & telecommunication network.
| Population | 3.29 crore | - |
| ST | - | 28% of total |
| SC | - | 12% of total |
| Per Capita Income | Rs. 4,161 | - |
| Density of Population | 338 persons/Sq. KM | - |
| No. of Districts | 24 | - |
| No. of Sub divisions | 33 | - |
| No. of Blocks | 259 | - |
| No. of Villages | 32,620 | - |
| No. of Villages Electrified | 14,667 | 45 % of total |
| No. of Villages connected by Roads | 8,484 | - |
| National Highways | 1,006 KM | - |
| State Highways | 4,662 KM | - |
| Health centers | 506 | - |
| Schools | 21,386 | - |
| Universities | 5 | Incl. one Deemed University |
| Total Geographical Area | 79.70 Lakh Hectares | - |
| Cultivable Land | 38.00 Lakh Hectares | - |
| Net Sown Area | 18.04 Lakh Hectares | 25% of total area |
| Net Irrigated Area | 01.57 Lakh Hectares | 8% of net sown area |
| Forest | - | 29% of total area |
| Population (2001 Census) | 2.7 crore |
| Males | 1.39 crore |
| Females | 1.31 crore |
| Urban Population % | 22.25 |
| Literacy Rate (Census 2001) in % | 53.60 |
| Male Literacy in % | 67.30 |
| Male Literacy in nos. | 0.77 crore |
| Female Literacy in % | 38.90 |
| Female Literacy in nos. | 0.42 crore |
| NSDP at current prices(2002-03) | 27,358 crore |
| Per CAPITA NSDP (2002-03) at current prices | 9,955 crore |
| PARTICULARS | NO. | % |
| Total Population | 218.44 | 100 |
| Total Non-Workers | 136.24 | 62.36 |
| Total Main Workers | 68.25 | 31.24 |
| Cultivators | 34.49 | 15.79 |
| Agricultural Labourers | 13.98 | 6.40 |
| Livestock, Forestry & Others | 0.34 | 0.16 |
| Mining & Quarry | 3.10 | 1.42 |
| Household Industries | 1.52 | 0.70 |
| Other Manufacturing Industries | 3.03 | 1.39 |
| Construction | 0.75 | 0.34 |
| Trade & Commerce | 3.17 | 1.45 |
| Transport & Storage | 1.50 | 0.69 |
| Other Services | 6.37 | 2.92 |
| Marginal Workers | 13.95 | 6.39 |
| LAND HOLDINGS | NOS. |
| Less than 1 Ha. | 11.09 lac |
| 1 to 2 Ha. | 4.90 lac |
| Above 2 Ha. | 7.72 lac |
| Population (2001 census) | 2.70 crore |
| Population Mix |
Rural - 78.75% [Male-51.68%, Female-48.32%] Urban - 22.25% [Male-51.69%, Female- 48.31%] SC - 11.85% ST - 27.67% |
| Sex Ratio | 935 Females per 1000 Males. |
| Males | 1.39 crore |
| Females | 1.31 crore |
| Urban population % | 22.25 |
| Literacy Rate (census 2001) in % | 53.60 |
| Male literacy in % | 67.30 |
| Male literacy in numbers | 0.77 crore |
| Female literacy in % | 38.90 |
| Female literacy in numbers | 0.42 crore |
| Average Rain Fall | 1,272.05 Ml Meter |
| BPL Population | 23.22 Families [61.57% of total families] constituting 57.0% of the population. |
| NSDP at current prices (2002-03) | 27,358 crore |
| PER CAPITA NSDP (2002-03) at current prices | 9,955 crore |
| Central & Northern Plateau | Landscape is rolling & undulating, dominated by mining areas. Series of valleys with hill ranges. |
| Western Plateau | Plains, Hilly tracts & sloppy land. |
| South Eastern Plateau | Hilly areas alternating with villages, steep mountains, deep forests and river basins. |
| DISTRICTS | 22 |
| SUB DIVISIONS | 33 |
| BLOCKS | 211 |
| POLICE STATIONS | 303 |
| VILLAGES | 32,637 |
| TOWNS | 135 |
| NO. OF HOUSE HOLDS | 38,09,000 |
| DENSITY OF POPULATION | 274 |
| INDICATORS | JHARKHAND | SHARE IN ALL INDIA |
| COAL | 62,084.85 | 32.09 |
| IRON ORE | 3,083.26 | 31.84 |
| LIME STONE | 572.25 | 1.05 |
| COPPER ORE | 93.06 | 25.94 |
| BAUXITE | 111.04 | 3.65 |
| PYRITE | 52.00 | 90.98 |
| CHINA CLAY | 41.78 | 4.80 |
| KAYNITE | 113.00 | 8.33 |
| FIRECLAY< | 47.88 | 6.81 |
| DOLOMITE | 47.20 | 0.81 |
| GRAPHITE | 3.50 | 57.47 |
| BENTONITE | 1.15 | 0.31 |
| SOAPSTONE | 0.18 | 0.31 |
| QUARTZ & SILICA SAND | 148.27 | 19.02 |
| Coal Mining |
| Heavy Engineering |
| Tussar Silk |
| Steel Industries |
| Information Technologies |
| Tourism |
The state has adequate infrastructure for ensuring rapid industrial growth. A good network of roads, railways, airways, telecommunication, power & water system are available in the state.
The state is richly endowed with fertile soil, abundant water and fertile climate, low cost labour, which creates favourable platform for agro-based industries. These industries have vast potentials in the state for generating additional employment & earning foreign exchange for the country. The state has linkages. This ultimately gives immense scope for preservation of unsold perishable agricultural products. The govt. aims to harness these potentials by way of developing agro-based industries.
Investment potential in cattle feed, forest products, sericulture, lac-cultivation, floriculture, horticulture etc. is available in the state to a large extent.
Scope for the following:
Tissue Culture Products
Seed & Planting Materials
Fruits & Vegetable Processing
Bio-technological Processes & Products
Grain Handling & Storage.
Creating Food Processing facilities.
Producing juices, pulps, extracts of fruits & vegetables, canned fruits & vegetables.
Brined, Pickled and Pasteurized products.
Cold chain infrastructure for perishable fruits, vegetables.
| Horticulture Produce | National Market | International Market |
| Fruits | Litchi, Mango, Amla, Jackfruit, Custard Apple, Tamarind | Mango, Litchi, Amla, Tamarind |
| Vegetables | Peas, Bean, Tomato, Cauliflower, Chilly, Cucumber, Ladies Finger | Parwal, Onion, Dhania Leaves |
| Ornamental Plants | Rose, Gladiolus, China Easter, Rajanigandha, Orchid, Gerbera, Dahlia | Rose, Gladiolus, Orchid, Gerbera |
| Mushroom & Spices | Oyster & Button Mushroom, Ginger & Turmeric | Button Mushroom, Turmeric |
| Vegetables | Area(Hectares) | Production(ton) | Productivity(ton/ha) | |||
| India | Jharkhand | India | Jharkhand | India | Jharkhand | |
| Brinjal | 4,34,202 | 8,190 | 6,44,33,062 | 98,000 | 14.84 | 11.96 |
| Cabbage | 2,18,381 | 5,510 | 38,61,684 | 82,000 | 17.68 | 14.88 |
| Cauliflower | 2,20,025 | 9,075 | 24,73,987 | 1,36,000 | 11.24 | 14.98 |
| Ladies Finger | 4,30,525 | 15,385 | 40,31,811 | 1,54,000 | 9.36 | 10.00 |
| Onion | 3,93,500 | 5,296 | 40,80,000 | 79,000 | 10.32 | 14.91 |
| Green Peas | 2,23,965 | - | 23,41,313 | - | 10.45 | - |
| Tomato | 3,55,684 | 11,091 | 54,41,967 | 1,83,000 | 15.30 | 10.99 |
| Pumpkin | 8,700 | - | 10,400 | - | - | 11.95 |
| Green Chilly | - | 4,021 | - | 4,100 | - | 10.19 |
| Others | 19,48,165 | 12,724 | 2,40,77,438 | 1,96,000 | 12.36 | 15.0 |
| Fruits | Area(Hectares) | Production(ton) | Productivity(ton/ha) | |||
| India | Jharkhand | India | Jharkhand | India | Jharkhand | |
| Mango | 1,28,303 | 6,040 | 1,08,10,357 | 61,000 | 8.43 | 10.09 |
| Leechi | 48,570 | 791 | 3,64,613 | 6,000 | 7.51 | 150.11 |
| Guava | 1,31,625 | 3,313 | 15,01,296 | 33,000 | 11.41 | 9.96 |
| Banana | 4,33,019 | 995 | 1,30,95,087 | 8,000 | 30.24 | 10.32 |
| Papaya | 60,921 | 4,332 | 13,27,668 | 43,000 | 21.83 | 9.92 |
| Lemon | 4,54,082 | 3,316 | 39,98,271 | 43,000 | 8.37 | 12.96 |
| Jackfruit | - | 4,096 | - | 41,000 | - | 10.00 |
| Others | 5,74,280 | 2,543 | 71,48,052 | 25,000 | 12.45 | 9.83 |
| Produce | Preserved Food |
| Amla | Chawanprash, Candy, Jam, Pickle & Dry Beverages |
| Mango | Pickle, Beverages, Packing Tin, Jam, Packed Fruits |
| Guava | Jelly, Beverages, Toffees |
| Leechi | Leechi Nut, Beverages, Packed Fruit |
| Jackfruit | Pickle, Packed Seeds, Dry Fruit |
| Pear | Jam, Packed Slice |
| Custard Apple | Dry Churan |
| Tamarind | Dry Fruits, Churan of Seeds |
| Tomato | Ketchup, Pulp |
| Bean | Pickle, Packed Fruit |
| Cauliflower | Pickle, Packed Fruit |
| Cabbage | Packed Food |
| Cucumber | Packed Slice |
| Peas | Packed Food Preserver in Salted Matter |
